Observational Study on Secondary Bacterial Infection and the Use of Antibiotics in COVID-19 Patients Treated in a Tertiary Referral Hospital

Khie Chen Lie, Sharifah Shakinah, Robert Sinto, Leonard Nainggolan, Adelina Pasaribu

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Data on secondary bacterial infection in patients with COVID-19 in Indonesia are still limited, while the use of empirical antibiotics continues to increase. This study aims to determine the secondary bacterial infection rate in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and factors related to secondary bacterial infection. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study on hospitalized COVID-19 patients undergoing treatment at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from March 2020 to September 2020. Secondary bacterial infection is defined as the identification of a bacterial pathogen from a microbiological examination. RESULTS: From a total of 255 subjects, secondary infection was identified in 14.5%. Predictors of secondary infection were early symptoms of shortness of breath (OR 5.31, 95% CI 1.3 - 21.5), decreased consciousness (OR 4.81, 95% CI 1.77 - 13.0), length of stay > 12 days (OR 8.2, 95% CI 2.9 - 23.3), and central venous catheter placement (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.1 - 8.0) The most common pathogen of secondary bacterial infection is Acinetobacter sp. (n=9; 28%). Empirical antibiotics were administered to 82.4% of subjects with predominant use of macrolides (n=141; 32.4%). CONCLUSION: The secondary bacterial infection rate in COVID-19 was 14.5% and is associated with dyspnea, decreased consciousness, length of stay >12 days, and central venous catheter placement. The use of antibiotics in COVID-19 reaches 82.4% and requires special attention to prevent the occurrence of antibiotic resistance.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)161-169
Number of pages9
JournalActa medica Indonesiana
Volume54
Issue number2
Publication statusPublished - 1 Apr 2022

Keywords

  • antibiotic stewardship
  • antibiotics
  • COVID-19
  • secondary bacterial infection

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Observational Study on Secondary Bacterial Infection and the Use of Antibiotics in COVID-19 Patients Treated in a Tertiary Referral Hospital'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this