Nanocellulose filament fabrication from water hyacinth through wet spinning method

The objective of this research is to fabricate a nanocellulose based filament from the biomass water hyacinth using wet spinning method for textile purpose. Water hyacinth is chosen due to the abundance resource in Indonesia and currently they are perceived as a weeds that can contaminate the water ecosystem. In this research, the water hyacinth is pre-treated initially by dewaxing it using the mixture of ethanol-toluene 2:2 volume ratio. The sequence steps were performed namely the bleaching step was done for whitening with 9 g of NaClO2 in order to for separating the lignin and hemicellulose, the alkaline treatment with 4%wt NaOH is conducted. The next treatment, the acid hydrolysis treatment was completed to produce the nanocellulose type CNC (nanocrystal). The acid solution used for this stage is hydrochloric acid HCl with the concentration variation of 1%, 2%, 4% wt at 80 °C for 2 hours. The instrument analysis XRD and TEM were used to characterize the nanocrystalline product for its degree crystallinity and microscopic size. Finally, the step for the extrusion, wet-spinning method was conducted to produce the filament with the variations of the nanocellulose concentration and the diameter of the syringe needle. The use of cellulose nanocrystal as a filament based is expected to have a stronger performance due its crystallinity.