Modeling of Energy Usage Intensity Based on West Java Region Conditions Using Dynamic Systems Approach

West Java is a region in Indonesia experiencing significant population growth and economic activity, leading to a substantial increase in energy demand and presenting challenges for sustainable energy resource management. Energy is fundamental to economic and social activities, and efficient, sustainable management is essential for balancing economic growth with environmental preservation. Modeling energy usage intensity is crucial for understanding the dynamics of energy consumption and its influencing factors. This study aims to develop a model that accurately represents energy consumption patterns in West Java using a dynamic systems approach. The study utilizes Causal Loop Diagrams (CLD) and Stock Flow Diagrams (SFD) to systematically map and model the intricate dynamics of the energy system, providing a comprehensive understanding of the interactions and influences among various factors. The model was validated by comparing its outputs with historical data and calculating a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). This enhances confidence in the analyses and recommendations derived from the model, making it a valuable tool for understanding and influencing energy usage patterns in West Java. In conclusion, this study not only provides deep insights into energy consumption in West Java but also offers practical approaches for improved energy management, supporting sustainable development and environmental protection in the region.