Metal organic frameworks of lanthanum and iron using BDC linker as catalysts for glucose conversion into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF)

Lanthanum and Iron-Metal Organic Frameworks (La-MOFs, Fe-MOFs) have been successfully synthesized through solvothermal method and applied as catalysts to convert glucose into 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF). 5-HMF is a very promising energy source which extensively used in chemical industries and polymer materials. MOF is used as source of Lewis and Br nsted acid that can improve the conformation of 5-HMF in glucose transformation. The XRD pattern, surface morphology, chemical composition, absorption spectra, and surface area were characterized by X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Brunauer-Emmelt-Tellers (BET). The specific peaks of La-MOF on XRD pattern corresponded at 2θ = 8 respectively, while Fe-MOF corresponded to MIL-88B structure at 2θ = 9 . SEM analysis of La-MOF and Fe-MOF revealed the catalysts morphology were rod-like and rhombic. The FTIR spectrum of La-MOF showed the broadening peak at 3526 cm-1 for O-H stretching vibrations while Fe-MOF had sharp peak intensity at 749 cm-1 for C-H bending vibrations. The surface area of the La-MOF and Fe-MOF were 107.107 m2/g and 215.435 m2/g, respectively. The activity of La-MOF and Fe-MOF as catalysts was performed in 10 mL vial glass reactor at T = 403 K with varied time from 0-8 h and catalyst loading were varied from 8-12 mg. The product analysis was carried out using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in which Fe-MOF showed higher activity giving yield 26.79 % rather than La-MOF with 19.2 % yield of 5-HMF in 6 h reaction time using 10 mg catalyst in DMSO as solvent.