Mangrove ecosystem management in Indonesia: Review, limitation, gap, and knowledge

This study examines the past and summarizes the main findings of 35 studies on managing mangrove ecosystems in Indonesia published between 2018 and 2022. The systematic use of the Preferred Items for the Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method showed that, in the last five years, mangrove ecosystem management had had a trend that led to the themes of deforestation and natural resource management, as well as to the themes of sustainable development, ecosystems, coastal zones, and forestry, which were the main topics of discussion in 2019. In addition, the words that have become dominant are ecosystem, forestry, and biodiversity. The limitations and gaps identified include aspects of tourist areas, the use of remote sensing, and quantitative and qualitative approaches that can provide knowledge for advancing mangrove ecosystem management studies in the future.