TY - JOUR
T1 - Low estradiol levels escalate menopausal symptoms leading to mild cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women
AU - Hestiantoro, Andon
AU - Jasirwan, Shanty Olivia
AU - Wiwie, Martina
AU - Shadrina, Amalia
AU - Ibrahim, Nurhadi
AU - Astuti, Brilliant Putri Kusuma
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Authors.
PY - 2019/3/1
Y1 - 2019/3/1
N2 - BACKGROUND Women in menopause experience dramatic alterations in gonadal hormone concentrations, including diminished estradiol levels. It has been hypothesized that these hormonal changes may be responsible for the occurrences of menopausal symptoms, such as hot flushes, sleep disruption, night sweats, and irritability, as well as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in postmenopausal women. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine if there is any association between hormonal changes and menopausal symptoms, including MCI in postmenopausal women. METHODS A total of 245 postmenopausal women were recruited for this cross-sectional study and classified into 2 groups; MCI and non-MCI groups. Diagnosis of MCI was made using the modified Petersen criteria. Variables such as subjects’ age, duration of menopause, menopausal symptoms, anthropometric status, hormone levels, and cognitive status were assessed and statistically analyzed. RESULTS Of the 245 subjects enrolled in this study, 53.9% had MCI. Multivariate analysis found that sleep disruption and estradiol levels were independent risk factors of MCI in postmenopausal women. No significant correlation was found between menopausal symptoms and estradiol concentration. CONCLUSIONS Low estradiol levels were associated with higher risks of experiencing menopausal symptoms and MCI. Sleep disruption and estradiol levels were the most influential factors in the development of MCI in postmenopausal women.
AB - BACKGROUND Women in menopause experience dramatic alterations in gonadal hormone concentrations, including diminished estradiol levels. It has been hypothesized that these hormonal changes may be responsible for the occurrences of menopausal symptoms, such as hot flushes, sleep disruption, night sweats, and irritability, as well as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in postmenopausal women. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine if there is any association between hormonal changes and menopausal symptoms, including MCI in postmenopausal women. METHODS A total of 245 postmenopausal women were recruited for this cross-sectional study and classified into 2 groups; MCI and non-MCI groups. Diagnosis of MCI was made using the modified Petersen criteria. Variables such as subjects’ age, duration of menopause, menopausal symptoms, anthropometric status, hormone levels, and cognitive status were assessed and statistically analyzed. RESULTS Of the 245 subjects enrolled in this study, 53.9% had MCI. Multivariate analysis found that sleep disruption and estradiol levels were independent risk factors of MCI in postmenopausal women. No significant correlation was found between menopausal symptoms and estradiol concentration. CONCLUSIONS Low estradiol levels were associated with higher risks of experiencing menopausal symptoms and MCI. Sleep disruption and estradiol levels were the most influential factors in the development of MCI in postmenopausal women.
KW - Estradiol
KW - Menopausal symptoms
KW - Mild cognitive impairment
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85069217159&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.13181/mji.v28i1.2447
DO - 10.13181/mji.v28i1.2447
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85069217159
SN - 0853-1773
VL - 28
SP - 40
EP - 46
JO - Medical Journal of Indonesia
JF - Medical Journal of Indonesia
IS - 1
ER -