Isolation and identification of bioactive compounds from Tinospora cordifolia stem extracts as antibacterial materials in seawater environments

The Tinospora genus is widely utilized because of its numerous bioactive compounds. This work aimed to isolate the bioactive constituents and antibacterial activities of the T. cordifolia plant. Maceration, column chromatography, and thin-layer chromatography plates were utilized to identify and visualize the extracted and isolated compounds. Total phenolics and flavonoids in the extracts and active fractions were also analysed. Substances were identified through their molecular structure and molecular mass. The names, molecular weights, and structures of the components of the test materials were verified using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, HMQC, and HMBC). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were 3294, 156, and 32 µg/mL for the crude extract, active fraction, and isolate of T. cordifolia, respectively. The total phenol active fraction was 38.44 mg GAE/g, while the total flavonoid content was 79.46 mg QE/g. N-trans-Feruloyltyramine or Moupinamide, a phenol group compound with a molecular ion weight of 314 m/z (M + H)⁺, was successfully isolated as the bioactive compound. The moupinamide isolate may be responsible for the antibacterial activity of T. cordifolia in this work. Our findings indicate that the bioactive isolate from T. cordifolia is a potential source of green material and exhibits the potential to inhibit P. aeruginosa biofilm, which is responsible for microbial corrosion.