Investigating the Relationship between Risk Factors and Construction Safety Performance in Design-Build Projects of High-Rise Building

High-rise building projects globally experience an alarming accident rate of up to 45% and are primarily influenced by the working environment and behavior. Identifying risk is essential to prevent accidents proactively and needs to be in the project planning phase. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is seen as a tool to help identify risk from work packages, and several research have suggested generating risk from each activity to reduce accidents. Presently, no research has been conducted on the relationship between risk and construction safety performance indicators. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the risk identification process based on all activities in WBS, including preparation, design, and construction phases, to integrate a whole design and build contract approach not previously explored. It also investigated the relationship and impact of risk during the design and construction phases towards indicators of construction safety performance. Statistical methodology was conducted to analyze the relationship, which resulted in a linear equation model with a strong relationship between risk and safety performance. The result showed that risk-based WBS affects the overall construction safety performance of architectural and exterior works construction on high-rise buildings.