Interleukins and VEGF secretome of human wharton’s Jelly mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium (hwjmscs-CM) in different passages and oxygen tensions

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are powerful tools for tissue engineering in regenerative medicine. Human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium (hWJMSCs-CM) is medium harvested from hWJMSCs, which has been used in patients with myocardial infarction, heart failure and peripheral, vascular disease, containing various types of metabolites, proteins, mediator materials and it has properties anticancer, wound healing and anti-aging. In our previous research, hWJMSCs-CM cultured in normoxic and hypoxic condition exhibited anticancer activities toward cervical, ovarian, breast, liver, prostate and oral squamous cancer cells. The variety of the molecules in CM secretome is affected by types and numbers of cells, different condition, different passage, culture medium and condition. This research objective is to measure the growth factor and cytokines in hWJMSCs-CM cultured in normoxic and hypoxic condition (2.5%; 5% O₂) from early passage (P4) and late passage (P8). The CM characteristic affected bioavailabilities and bioactivities. The hWJMSCs were isolated from umbilical cord of three women after full-term births. The secretome was measured including interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-6, IL-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in both of normoxic and hypoxic oxygen tension, in early (P4) and late passage (P8).). hWJMSCs secreted IL-1α in CM 2.75-4.85 pg/mL, IL-6 in CM 1,194.46-3,463.72 pg/mL, IL-8 in CM 2,049.63-6,322.30 pg/mL, VEGF in CM 24.96-51.86 pg/mL. These findings suggested that oxygen tension and passage condition affect cytokines and growth factor secretion, and revealed that hypoxic condition and late passage increase cytokines and growth factor level.