Indonesian Translation and Cultural Adaptation of the BREAST-Q Reconstruction Module

Background: The BREAST-Q reconstruction module, a patient-reported outcome measurement tool, is widely used to assess the impact of breast surgery on patient satisfaction and health-related quality of life. However, translation to the Indonesian language has not been attempted or used for Indonesian-speaking women with breast cancer. Methods: The Indonesian translation of the BREAST-Q reconstruction module was performed in accordance with the International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research guidelines, which included forward translation and reconciliation, back translation and review, cognitive debriefing, and cultural adaptation. The respondents who participated in the cognitive debriefing process were recruited from the Metropolitan Medical Centre Hospital, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, and the Indonesian Breast Reconstruction Support Group. Results: The reconciliation meeting revealed that 34.8% of the translated items were discordant between the 2 forward translations, whereas the back-translation review revealed that 11 out of 279 items were discordant between the translated questionnaire and the original version. During the cognitive debriefing process, several comments and recommendations were produced, which were derived from the difficulties of understanding the questionnaires and the cultural context based on local norms, sociodemographics, and religious beliefs. Conclusions: The Indonesian translation of the BREAST-Q reconstruction module has been conducted according to the International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research guidelines.