Impact of Radiotherapy on The Periodontium (Efek Radioterapi Terhadap Jaringan Periodontal)

Background : Currently , cancer is a global health problem and causes of 12 % of deaths worldwide . Squamous ces carcinom . of the hoad and neck was ranked stx in incidence of cancer worldwide. There is an increased of 600,000 cases globally each year Surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are modalities used in head and neck cancer treatment. All treatments are effective in eradicating of the turnor, but has a negative effect on the structure around the head and neck tumors. Purpose: To provide an overview of periodontal status before dental treatment and radiotherapy effects on periodontal tissues. Literature review Radiotherapy is a treatment using ionizing radiation which is used to control the malignancy. Radiotherapy has cytotoxic effects on normal cells and malignant cells. Oral complications can occur during and after cancer therapy and can be divided into two categories acute and chronic. Periodontium is sensitive to the high-dose radiation. The study reported a reduction in vascularity and cellulenity of the periodontal membrane with rupturing, thickening, and disorientation of Sharpey's fibers and widening of igament periodontal space. The direct and indirect effect of high-dose radiotherapy on the periodontium results in an increased risk of periodonta/ attachment loss and tooth loss and even an increased risk for the development of osteoradionecrosis. The rapid periodontal destruction may occur it oral higiene is not controlled Conclusion: Dental treatment before radiotherapy can eliminate the risk of dental disease wilth the goal of minimizing the effects of radiotherapy in the oral cavity