HIV knowledge level, social support, and risk perception on attitudes toward HIV testing among heterosexuals in Indonesia

HIV/AIDS remains a major global health issue, particularly among heterosexual populations. The WHO and UNAIDS aim to end the epidemic by 2030 through the 95-95-95 strategy. In Indonesia, 81% of individuals knew their HIV status, 41% were on treatment, and 19% achieved viral suppression as of 2022. HIV testing is vital for identifying those infected. This research examines the relationships between HIV knowledge, social support, and risk perception with attitudes towards HIV testing among heterosexual individuals in Indonesia. Using a descriptive analytical design with a cross-sectional approach, 192 respondents from Bekasi Regional General Hospital, Class 1 Cipinang Prison, Class II A Cipinang Narcotics Prison, and Siloam Mampang Hospital were studied. Multivariate analysis showed that both knowledge (p=0.006, OR=2.205) and social support (p<0.001, OR=3.778) significantly influence attitudes towards HIV testing. Higher HIV knowledge and social support increase the likelihood of individuals supporting and participating in HIV testing, highlighting the importance of initiatives to improve both areas to encourage testing.