High prostate specific antigen level among indonesian benign prostatic hyperplasia patients

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most urological disease world wide and in our country is second only to urinary stone diseases. Our purpose is to study the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) level and prostate volume among patients with final histopathological examination as BPH. There were 362 BPH patients treated in our clinic between January 1995 till December 1996. Prostate volume was determined by transrectal ultrasonography and PSA level was measured by using Roche diagnostic system. Transrectal ultrasonography volumetri from these patients revealed that 50% of them have prostate volume between 30-59 ml, 29% have volume between 60-100 ml, and 8% have volume more than 100ml. One hundred ten (30%) patients came without catheter have mean PSA level of 6.1 ng/ml while 252 patients (70%) came with indwelling urethral catheter have mean PSA level of 17.3 ng/ml. Among patients without' catheter, 43% have PSA ≤ 4 ng/ml, 40% have PSA between 4-10 ng/ml, and 17% with PSA level more than 10 ng/ml. Mean PSA level also higher than the age reference range (Oosterling, J.E. et al, JAMA 270:860, 1993) : age group (yrs) % mean PSA (ng/ml) <60 24 5.6 60-69 40 3.9 70-79 32 7.1 >80 4 22.2 Furthermore, we found that mean PSA level correlate well to prostate volume : vol (ml) mean PSA (nl/ml) vol (ml) mean PSA (nl/ml) < 30 3.2 50-59 7.7 30-39 3.7 60-89 11.1 40-49 5.8 >90 13.2 Conclusions : our study revealed that half of our BPH patients which come without catheter have PSA level more than 4 ng/ml and also higher than the age reference range. Furthermore, half of them have prostate volume between 3059ml and about one third have volume between 60-100ml.