High-performance radiation design of a planar bow-tie antenna combined with a dielectric lens and cascaded matching layers at terahertz frequencies

The demand for high-speed data transmission has increased significantly in the last decades. Terahertz (THz) frequencies, which lie between 100 GHz to 10 THz, have been considered to be the solution to the demand. However, the low gain and low efficiency of a THz antenna remain issues that hinder reasonable performance for various applications. This paper proposes the design of a high-gain and high-efficiency planar bow-tie antenna for applications using THz frequencies. A planar bow-tie on a high-resistivity silicon substrate is considered in order to obtain broadband characteristics. To increase gain and efficiency, a dielectric silicon lens and a matching layer based on the quarter-wavelength are applied in the design. From simulations using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio, gain and radiation efficiency of up to 32.69 dB and 90.4% are obtained, respectively. This proposed design has shown high radiation performance suitable for high-speed transmission systems.