Hepatoprotective effect of Bellamya Javanica: Aspartate transaminase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase activity, and liver histopathology in mice induced with carbon tetrachloride

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of Bellamya javanica meat (BJM) in mice by quantifying alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and observing liver histology. Methods: A total of 36 white male Sprague-Dawley mice were divided into six groups, namely a normal control group, a negative control group (0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose), a positive control group (silymarin with a dosage of 9.45 mg/200 g mouse weight), dosage 1 group (BJM powder at 1 g/kg mouse weight), dosage 2 group (BJM powder at 2 g/kg mouse weight), and dosage 3 group (BJM powder at 4 g/kg mouse weight). Mice were treated for 14 days. On the 15^th day, all groups (except the normal control group) were induced with carbon tetrachloride and fed ad libitum. After 24 h of induction, ALT, AST, and ALP in serum were quantified, and livers were dissected for histopathological examination. Results: The results showed that the consumption of BJM at doses of 2 and 4 g/kg mouse weight cast a hepatoprotective effect compared with the negative control group. In addition, there were significant differences in the hepatoprotective effect between the various doses of BJM. The dosage with the highest potential hepatoprotective effect was 4 g/kg mouse weight (p<0.05). Conclusion: B. javanica has potential hepatoprotective effects, with the strongest protection occurring at a 4 g/kg mouse weight dosage. Hepatoprotection was observed in the form of decreased AST, ALT, and ALP activity and relevant changes in liver histopathology.