TY - JOUR
T1 - Growth and developmental delay risk factors among under-five children in an inner-city slum area
AU - Gunardi, Hartono
AU - Nugraheni, Resyana P.
AU - Yulman, Annisa R.
AU - Soedjatmiko, null
AU - Sekartini, Rini
AU - Medise, Bernie E.
AU - Wirahmadi, Angga
AU - Melina, Elizabeth
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Department of Child Health Universitas Indonesia Medical School, Pediatric Specialist Residents’ Community Development Fund [grant number: 383/L/ PPDS IKA/VIII/2018].
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, Indonesian Pediatric Society Publishing House. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/9
Y1 - 2019/9
N2 - Background Growth and developmental delays are common among children under the age of five years (under-five children), especially in slum areas. Early detection and intervention may give better prognoses. Objective To detect growth and developmental delays and related risk factors among under-five children living in an inner-city slum area of the Indonesian capital. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from October to November 2018 in Tanah Tinggi, Johar Baru District, an inner-city slum area in Central Jakarta. Subjects were healthy children aged 3-60 months. Socioeconomic profile was obtained through questionnaires, anthropometric data through measurements, and developmental status through the Kuesioner Pra Skrining Perkembangan (KPSP) instrument. Development was considered to be delayed for KPSP scores <9. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test. Results Of 211 subjects, prevalence of underweight, stunting, and wasting were 35.1%, 28.0%, and 20.9%, respectively, meanwhile low maternal education, and low family income were 57.9% and 75%. The prevalence of developmental delay was 10%, while suspected developmental delay was 26.1%. The prevalence increased from age 21 months and peaked at 36 months. Associated risk factors were low maternal education, low family income, underweight weight-for-age, stunted height-for-age, and microcephalic head circumference-for-age.Conclusion Low education and low income were significant risk factors for growth and developmental delay.
AB - Background Growth and developmental delays are common among children under the age of five years (under-five children), especially in slum areas. Early detection and intervention may give better prognoses. Objective To detect growth and developmental delays and related risk factors among under-five children living in an inner-city slum area of the Indonesian capital. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from October to November 2018 in Tanah Tinggi, Johar Baru District, an inner-city slum area in Central Jakarta. Subjects were healthy children aged 3-60 months. Socioeconomic profile was obtained through questionnaires, anthropometric data through measurements, and developmental status through the Kuesioner Pra Skrining Perkembangan (KPSP) instrument. Development was considered to be delayed for KPSP scores <9. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test. Results Of 211 subjects, prevalence of underweight, stunting, and wasting were 35.1%, 28.0%, and 20.9%, respectively, meanwhile low maternal education, and low family income were 57.9% and 75%. The prevalence of developmental delay was 10%, while suspected developmental delay was 26.1%. The prevalence increased from age 21 months and peaked at 36 months. Associated risk factors were low maternal education, low family income, underweight weight-for-age, stunted height-for-age, and microcephalic head circumference-for-age.Conclusion Low education and low income were significant risk factors for growth and developmental delay.
KW - development
KW - growth
KW - slum area
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85110065013&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.14238/pi59.5.2019.276-83
DO - 10.14238/pi59.5.2019.276-83
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85110065013
SN - 0030-9311
VL - 59
SP - 276
EP - 283
JO - Paediatrica Indonesiana(Paediatrica Indonesiana)
JF - Paediatrica Indonesiana(Paediatrica Indonesiana)
IS - 5
ER -