Genetic role in ameloblastoma: A systematic review

As one of the most prevalent benign oral tumor, genetic contribution in development of ameloblastoma was not reported as extensively as its malignant counterpart. Therefore, the aim of this study is to summarize the role of genetic in ameloblastoma. English literatures were retrieved using the following term "Ameloblastoma" and "genetic" from PubMed and Scopus (Last search was updated on February 2015). A total of 6 studies and 6 genes were included in this review. The subjects in the study were population of Thai, Japanese, Finland, Turkey and USA. XRCC1 T allele at codon 194 and A allele at codon 399 increased the occurrence of ameloblastoma 1.62-fold and 1.83-fold respectively. P53 codon 72 contributes with its Arg Allele promoting the ameloblastoma 2.06 times higher. BRAF mutation and SMO mutation both occurred in ameloblastoma, with BRAF mainly affected mandible whereas SMO influenced maxilla. However, IL-1a-889 and PTCH1 polymorphisms were not associated with ameloblastoma. Identification of risk factor genes involving wider population are needed to confirm particular genes' effect in the development of ameloblastoma.