Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in dental caries

There are linkages between genetic factors with dental caries. This caused by the view which regards that environmental factors are more instrumental than genetic factors. Though much research proves that genetic factor have a enough significant role in the occurrence dental caries. Caries is the process that is influenced by many factors, therefore caries are known as multifactorial disease. Definition of caries is a disease on hard tissues of the dental, namely enamel, dentin and cementum are because of interaction from some factors, whom host (teeth), substrate, microorganisms and the role of time. Interaction between microorganisms and carbohydrates (substrate) will result in the atmosphere of acid. With the existence of the atmosphere is sour it then will cause the decline in from dental plaque pH to below 5, this process usually lasts for 3 minutes. The decline in pH in case over and over again will cause a process demineralisasi on dental hard tissues. The process then will continue the damage on organic material in it so that there was dental caries. In the wake of damage organic materials gear, then bacterial invasion occurred and death pulpa tissue followed by the spread of infection on area periapex that causes the pain. One of factor that also serves important in the occurrence of dental caries is teeth (host). The teeth factor can be the form of the shape of tooth anatomy as well as vulnerability this against caries dental. Factor above that associated with genetic factors. The problem that arises next is how large the role of the from genetic factors in caused dental caries.