TY - JOUR
T1 - From Nickel Ore to Ni Nanoparin the Extraction Process
T2 - Properties and Application
AU - Bahfie, F.
AU - Manaf, A.
AU - Astuti, W.
AU - Nurjaman, F.
AU - Prasetyo, E.
AU - Triapriani, Y.
AU - Susanti, D.
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgement. Authors thank for the financial support provided by the Ministry of education, culture, research, and Technology of directorate of Higher education, research, and Technology under research project Pdd 2022 and contract No. NKB-968/UN2.rST/ HKP.05.00/2022. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of Materials Science Universitas Indonesia and the research centre of Mining Technology of the National research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia for the research facilities.
Publisher Copyright:
© Publisher PH “Akademperiodyka” of the NAS of Ukraine, 2023.
PY - 2023/1/1
Y1 - 2023/1/1
N2 - Laterite nickel ore is a mineral rock, which contains iron–nickel oxide compounds. One processing technology proposed to treat the ore is the Caron process. In general, the Caron process combines pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical stages. In the pyrometallurgical step, the ore mixed with reductant is heated up to 1800 °C in a rotary kiln-electric furnace to transform iron–nickel oxide into iron–nickel alloy. In the hydrometallurgical stage, nickel has to be dissolved selectively using ammonia solution (alkaline). The further process is aimed to separate and purify the nickel in ammonia solution using solvent extraction and precipitation. The disadvantages of the pyrometallurgical stage in the Caron process include high-energy consumption, low economic value, and technical problems such as partially melted material, which hinders the further process. While in the hydrometallurgical stage, the extensive use of ammonia causes an environmental impact. Selective reduction is proposed to solve problems in the pyrometallurgical stage. Selective reduction is a process favouring the formation of iron oxide to obtain high nickel content in an intermedi-ate product with less energy consumption. An additive is added to the ore to reduce selectively the nickel and decrease the reaction temperature. To solve the environmental impact of ammonia, a novel and safer chemical is proposed as a substitu-te — the monosodium glutamate (MSG). Selective reduction combined with alkaline leaching using MSG is proposed as an alternative to the Caron method. Precipitation is employed further to purify the nickel that results in nickel nanoparticles with 90–95 wt.% purity.
AB - Laterite nickel ore is a mineral rock, which contains iron–nickel oxide compounds. One processing technology proposed to treat the ore is the Caron process. In general, the Caron process combines pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical stages. In the pyrometallurgical step, the ore mixed with reductant is heated up to 1800 °C in a rotary kiln-electric furnace to transform iron–nickel oxide into iron–nickel alloy. In the hydrometallurgical stage, nickel has to be dissolved selectively using ammonia solution (alkaline). The further process is aimed to separate and purify the nickel in ammonia solution using solvent extraction and precipitation. The disadvantages of the pyrometallurgical stage in the Caron process include high-energy consumption, low economic value, and technical problems such as partially melted material, which hinders the further process. While in the hydrometallurgical stage, the extensive use of ammonia causes an environmental impact. Selective reduction is proposed to solve problems in the pyrometallurgical stage. Selective reduction is a process favouring the formation of iron oxide to obtain high nickel content in an intermedi-ate product with less energy consumption. An additive is added to the ore to reduce selectively the nickel and decrease the reaction temperature. To solve the environmental impact of ammonia, a novel and safer chemical is proposed as a substitu-te — the monosodium glutamate (MSG). Selective reduction combined with alkaline leaching using MSG is proposed as an alternative to the Caron method. Precipitation is employed further to purify the nickel that results in nickel nanoparticles with 90–95 wt.% purity.
KW - Caron method
KW - laterite
KW - nickel nanoparticles
KW - purification
KW - synthesis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85152946348&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.15407/ufm.24.01.173
DO - 10.15407/ufm.24.01.173
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85152946348
SN - 1608-1021
VL - 24
SP - 173
EP - 196
JO - Progress in Physics of Metals
JF - Progress in Physics of Metals
IS - 1
ER -