TY - GEN
T1 - Feasibility study of chemical treatments on sorghum fibres for compatibility enhancement in polypropylene composites
AU - Ismojo,
AU - Pratama, Rai
AU - Ramahdhita, Ghiska
AU - Syahrial, Anne Zulfia
AU - Chalid, Mochamad
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - Polypropylene (PP) is one of the biggest petro-polymers, which is used in very wide application nowadays. The environment problem due to materials such as plastics having very long time degradability, and critical petroleum sources have promoted some studies to empowerment of natural resources such as natural fibres for substituting or at least modifying petro-polymers. Because of biodegradability obtained from natural source, sorghum fibers are interesting to be used as filler in PP composites, despite of weak compatibility between them. Surface modification on the sorghum fibers through alkalinization prior to acetylation was aimed to improve the fiber compatibility to PP. The treatments were expected to substitute hydroxyl group in the sorghum fibers, into acetic ester group in order to increase their hydrophobicity as the fillers. Moreover, the treatments were able to unbundle single fibers into micro-fibrillated cellulose (MFC) fibres with increase in crystallinity index. Usage of this MFC fiber as filler in PP leads to improvement of the composite performances such as thermal properties. In this study, Fourier Transformation Infra-Red (FTIR) Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) were used to evaluate the performances of the Sorghum fibers after the treatments and as the filler in the Sorghum fibers/PP composites. The experimental results showed the MFC fibers as the smallest sizes in 5.0 microns and the highest crystallinity index up to 79.1 %, obtained from alkalinization with 2.5 M NaOH prior to acetylation with 17.4 M CH3COOH and the glacial (CH3CO2)2. Compatibility study of the treated Sorghum fibers on PP shows an improvement indicated by a strong interaction between the fibers and PP on morphology observation, increase in melting point of PP from 163.4°C (using virgin Sorghum fibers) into 163.6°C (using treated Sorghum fibers) in DSC measurements.
AB - Polypropylene (PP) is one of the biggest petro-polymers, which is used in very wide application nowadays. The environment problem due to materials such as plastics having very long time degradability, and critical petroleum sources have promoted some studies to empowerment of natural resources such as natural fibres for substituting or at least modifying petro-polymers. Because of biodegradability obtained from natural source, sorghum fibers are interesting to be used as filler in PP composites, despite of weak compatibility between them. Surface modification on the sorghum fibers through alkalinization prior to acetylation was aimed to improve the fiber compatibility to PP. The treatments were expected to substitute hydroxyl group in the sorghum fibers, into acetic ester group in order to increase their hydrophobicity as the fillers. Moreover, the treatments were able to unbundle single fibers into micro-fibrillated cellulose (MFC) fibres with increase in crystallinity index. Usage of this MFC fiber as filler in PP leads to improvement of the composite performances such as thermal properties. In this study, Fourier Transformation Infra-Red (FTIR) Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) were used to evaluate the performances of the Sorghum fibers after the treatments and as the filler in the Sorghum fibers/PP composites. The experimental results showed the MFC fibers as the smallest sizes in 5.0 microns and the highest crystallinity index up to 79.1 %, obtained from alkalinization with 2.5 M NaOH prior to acetylation with 17.4 M CH3COOH and the glacial (CH3CO2)2. Compatibility study of the treated Sorghum fibers on PP shows an improvement indicated by a strong interaction between the fibers and PP on morphology observation, increase in melting point of PP from 163.4°C (using virgin Sorghum fibers) into 163.6°C (using treated Sorghum fibers) in DSC measurements.
KW - Acetylation
KW - Alkalization
KW - Compatibility
KW - Composite
KW - Crystallinity
KW - Melting point
KW - Micro-fibrillated Cellulose
KW - Polypropylene
KW - Sorghum
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85055527004&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.929.70
DO - 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.929.70
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85055527004
SN - 9783035712667
T3 - Materials Science Forum
SP - 70
EP - 77
BT - Advanced Materials Research - QiR 15
A2 - Yatim, Ardiyansyah
PB - Trans Tech Publications Ltd
T2 - 15th International Conference on Quality in Research, QiR 2017
Y2 - 24 July 2017 through 27 July 2017
ER -