Faktor Risiko Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Balita: Literature Review

Introduction: Stunting in children under five years is a condition that occurs due to chronic malnutrition which can be caused by a lack of nutrition intake or the presence of infectious disease suffered by children, if not treated properly, will have an impact on physical growth and cognitive development. There are many stunting risk factors that can be controlled. Objective: The aims of this study is to determine stunting risk factors in children under five years. Methods: The design of this study uses literature review method that download from Scopus with the keywords stunting, risk factor, and under five years. The article search also uses several filters such as open access and articles in English. The articles were published from 2017 to 2022. Results: From the 16 articles that have been analyzed, show that there are several risk factors associated with the incidence of stunting in children under five years, such as the child’s weight at birth, parent’s education, age, poverty, infectious disease, gender, mothers Body Mass Index (BMI), pregnancy spacing, infant and child feeding, place of residence, and other risk factors. Conclusion: Stunting has very diverse risk factors in each region, so that need area specific research to provide right interventions, effective and efficient.