Factors Affecting the User Acceptance of Electric Motorcycle in Indonesia Using Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2)

The high number of vehicle usage in Indonesia, especially motorcycles, has resulted in high gasoline consumption which is not balanced with current domestic fuel production. This condition also has an impact on the high number of carbon dioxide emissions. Indonesia’s government has been pushing for electric vehicle usage to reduce pollution and energy consumption by formulating policies and regulations. However, the low public interest in switching to electric vehicles has resulted in the number of users still far below the target. This study aims to analyze factors that affect the acceptance of electric motorcycles in Indonesia. The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT2) was used in this study to construct user’s acceptance factors. It considered performance expectancy, effort expectancy, hedonic motivation, price value, habit, and social influence, combined with environmental concern, infrastructure readiness, and government policies as facilitating condition. This research uses partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the relationship among various constructs and moderating variables using data collected by questionnaire to current conventional motorcycle users in Indonesia. The results indicates that attitude toward use, social influence, and facilitating conditions positively affect the user acceptance of electric motorcycle. Attitude toward use is influenced by performance expectancy, effort expectancy, hedonic motivation, and price value. Facilitating conditions is influenced by environmental concern, infrastructure readiness, and government policies. The results of this research can be a source of information for electric motorcycles manufacturers and policymakers to improve transportation quality, services, and regulations.