Factors Affecting the Effectiveness of the Implementation of Application OHSMS: A Systematic Literature Review

Occupational health and safety management system is a system used to manage Occupational Health and Safety. The implementation of OHSMS aims to create a work environment that is free from harm or illness due to work. However, along with the development of OHS, it is not accompanied by an increase in OHS performance. It can be seen form several studies that there is no difference in OHS performance between certified and non-certified companies. Many factors affect the effectiveness of OHSMS implementation. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors influence the effectiveness of the implementation of OHSMS through a systematical literature review. This study reviewed articles published between 2010 - 2020 from 4 search portals, namely: Scopus, Proquest, Science Direct, and Sage. From the result of literature search, there were 40 articles that met the criteria. The results of this study indicate that there are internal and external factors that affect the effectiveness of OHSMS implementation. Internal factors that influence the effectiveness of OHSMS implementation are management commitment, OHS leadership and policies, employee participation, OHS culture, employee morale, sufficient resources, financial performance, OHS cost allocation, company size, internal incentives, worker safety behavior, communication and consultation OHS, OHS rules and procedures, OHS promotion, integration, continuous improvement, the process of identifying hazards and risk reduction, developing and implementing OHS risk control strategies. Meanwhile, external factors include enforcement of OHS regulations, OHS support and authority, external audit certification, external incentives, pressure from customers, market competition, company image, and international trends.