Evaluation of antilipid peroxidation activity of Gambir extract on liver homogenat in vitro

Gambir [Uncaria Gambir (Hunter) Roxb] is a plant with specific location in Southeast Asia region proven widely used in medication. The activity of gambir as antioxidant had been studied with some type mechanisms but the activity as antilipid peroxidation had not been evaluated yet. Five sort of etanolic gambir extracts of gum gambir (gambir) and dried leaves were screened for lipid peroxidation inhibition on rat liver homogenate in vitro at the concentrations of 20, 50 and 100 ppm with malondialdehyde (MDA) level as measured parameter. Total phenolic content of all extracts were determined with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and (+)catechin were by HPLC method. These results showed that the antioxidant activities were dose-dependent manner ag1000inst Fe²⁺-induced lipid peroxidation. The 96% ethanolic extract of gambir (EtOH 96% gambir) exhibited the highest activity with IC50 value of 24.6 ppm that was equivalent to positive control Polyphenon60. Analysis of total phenolic content demonstrated that this extract contained 98% phenolic compounds in which 59% of this was (+)-catechine. All samples did not show pro-oxidant activity at the highest concentration. Therefore, this extract was potential to be developed as antilipid-peroxidation.