Euphorbia heterophylla L. Leaf extract-mediated synthesis of MnO₂ nanoparticles and its characterization

Manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnO₂ NPs) prepared by green synthesis method using Euphorbia heterophylla L. leaves extract (ELE) had been reported. Functional groups, particle size distribution, crystallinity structure, bandgap energy and morphology of MnO₂ NPs were also investigated. Chemical bonding of Mn-O was confirmed by Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) at 559 cm^-1 wave number. The particle size of MnO₂ NPs measured by Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) instrument was about 56.68 nm. Characterization using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) indicated diffraction peaks of MnO₂ NPs at 28.75^o; 37.41; 42.80^o; 56.74^o; 59.97^o; 64.95^o; 72.42^o and 72.63^o, these peaks corresponded to the miller indices of 110; 101; 111; 211; 220; 002; 301 and 112, respectively. Bandgap energy of MnO₂ NPs was 2.85 eV confirmed by UV-Vis DRS spectrophotometer. The morphology of MnO₂ NPs was confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray indicated the ratio of composition Mn and O atom was 34,60 and 65,40 % and Transmission Electron Microscope showed that MnO₂ NPs had irregular shape.