Estimation of household greenhouse gas emissions from different activities in Bintang Alam, Karawang Regency, Indonesia

Since the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG's) declaration in 2015, nations have attempted to meet the 17 goals, one of which is addressing climate change. In this respect, current conditions have brought forth a significant challenge to the environment, global economy, and human health. This study aimed to analyze greenhouse gasses from household activities in the Bintang Alam housing complex, Indonesia. Data on waste were collected based on Indonesia National Standard 19.3964.1994, while data on fuel consumption from waste transportation to landfills were collected through interviews. Data on household consumption of water and electricity as well as demographics were gathered using questionnaires. The waste reduction model and the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) method were used in the estimation. Results showed that solid waste management, wastewater management, clean water production, and electricity consumption resulted in emissions of 1,634.26; 89.13; 381.24, and 4,122.87 tons CO2e/year, respectively. The total GHG emissions were 6,227.5 ton CO2e/year or an equivalent of 4,151.6 ton CO2e/household/year or 1,149.60 ton CO2e/person/year. To reduce GHG emissions, electricity-saving through behavioral changes, a shift to energy-saving household appliances and waste management through recycling and composting should be encouraged. If these practices were applied, GHG emissions in the study site would decline to 1,619.15 ton CO2e/year, accounting for a 26% reduction in total current emissions.