Escherichia Coli in Musca Domestica Flies toward the Incidence of Diarrhoea in Children Under Five Years in around the Location of Traditional Fish Processing in the North Jakarta

Poor environmental sanitation can cause diarrhoea. Transmission of diarrhoea can occur with faecal to oral transmission. For example, faeces that contain bacteria, viruses, protozoa and worms transferred to food or drinks either with zoonotic or anthroponotic cycles depending on the pathogen. Faecal to oral transmission in infectious diarrhoea carried out by an intermediary zoonotic cycle has considered the insect fly as a potential mechanical agent for the transmission of diarrhoeal disease. This study aims to assess the relationship of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Musca domestica flies to the incidence of diarrhoea in children under five in a residential area around a traditional fish processing location in North Jakarta. This research used a cross-sectional design; the study conducted from May to June 2019. The study population was children under-fives with a total sample of 97 respondents. Interviews and observations were carried out on mothers of children under-fives as respondents about characteristics of children under-fives, mothers and basic sanitation factors. The study also was done by measuring the density of flies using the Scudder technique with the Fly Grill tool. The existence of E. coli measured by examining samples of Musca domestica flies caught by the Most Probable Number (MPN) technique. There were significant results by statistical testing for independent variables, which are high levels of fly density, incomplete childhood immunization, maternal education, basic sanitation factors that did not include eligible for clean water supply facilities, household waste disposal, wastewater management, and drinking water sources. Bivariate analysis revealed that there was a significant relationship in positive E. coli sample of Musca domestica flies to diarrhoea in infants with p-value=0,007. While non-exclusive breastfeeding and family toilet that did not eligible significantly related to the incidence of children under five diarrhoea in the region.