Enhancing Microstrip Antenna Gain Through Genetic Algorithm-Optimized Pixelated Defected Ground Structure Design

Wireless communication systems heavily rely on antennas for reliable operation, and microstrip antennas are widely used due to their compact size and simplicity. However, one of the major challenges faced by microstrip antennas is their limited gain, which affects their overall performance. To overcome this limitation, DGS have emerged as effective solutions for gain optimization. Additionally, the integration of pixelated antennas and GA has shown promising results in enhancing antenna performance. In this study, a novel approach is introduced to improve the gain of microstrip antennas by designing a pixelated DGS and optimizing it using GA. Through the proposed GA-based optimization, the pixelated DGS design demonstrates significant enhancements in both bandwidth and gain, achieving a remarkable increase of 94.54% and 19.93% respectively. The findings of this study contribute to filling the existing research gap and provide valuable insights into the utilization of GA in pixelated DGS configurations to enhance antenna gain.