Enhancing female pedestrians' safety perceptions through the permeability of building frontages (case study: Blok M area)

This study investigates the relationship between the permeability of building frontages and female pedestrians'perceptions of safety on the sidewalk. A case study is conducted in two commercial streets with different settings in the Blok M area, Jakarta. Perceived meanings are evoked by the elements of the urban environments, which then form a subjective perception that differs due to several factors, including gender. Women in developing countries tend to exhibit more fear and insecurity in public places. Therefore, considerations that create a sense of security and safety for women in public places are essential. Natural surveillance, also known as the eyes on the street strategy, can improve one's safety perception and is often triggered by a range of functions along the street, especially the ground floor and also an active building frontage. Permeability is one of the key features of an active building frontage that supports natural surveillance and a safe urban experience. Permeability differs according to the building's uses and can be identified both physically and visually. The expected results suggest that permeability, through its openness and its transparency, can create a safe walking experience for female pedestrians in an urban context.