Efficacy of Casein Phosphopeptide–Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Containing Propolis on Dental Plaque Development in The Anterior Enamel Tooth Surface of 7–10-Year-Old Children

The most common oral health problem is dental caries, caused of dental plaque; thus, materials able to inhibit the development of dental plaque are needed. The study aimed to analyzing the effects of casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) containing propolis (10%) compared to CPP-ACP without propolis on dental plaque development in tooth surfaces of 7–10 years old children. This was a quasi-experimental study using a single-group pretest–posttest design. Thirty-two children were stratified into two groups based on propolis inclusion (n = 16 each). The application was performed once a day for four weeks. The average plaque index was obtained by measurement using a modification of the Loe and Silness plaque index method applied between before and after the application on the days 7, 14, and 28. The result indicates that the CPP-ACP propolis group, the plaque index per a general linear model (GLM) repeated measures analysis, the plaque index in the first day was 1.79 decreased significantly 46% (p < 0.05) on the 28th day was 0.97. Meanwhile, In the CPP-ACP without propolis group per the GLM repeated measures analysis, between the first day and the 28th day, the dental plaque score decreased significantly 31% (p < 0.05) from 1.72 in first day to 1.18 by the 28th day. However, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the effect of the application of CPP-ACP with or without propolis. In Conclusion there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the effect of the application of CPP-ACP contain propolis (10%) compared to CPP-ACP without propolis in dental plaque development. Thus, the CPP-ACP containing propolis could be an alternative to prevent dental plaque development in enamel surface as a dental caries risk prevention.