Effectiveness of eHealth Interventions to Prevent Adolescent Pregnancy: a Systematic Literature Review

Adolescent pregnancy is a serious problem worldwide. There are various negative impacts that adolescent can receive if they get pregnant before marriage. Pregnancy can impact education, social relationships, economic aspects and the health of the adolescent mother and her baby. Traditional interventions, such as community outreach programs and school based education, have shown efficacy but are often limited by stigma, accessibility, and uneven implementation. eHealth interventions, which have grown in popularity as digital technologies are increasingly integrated into healthcare, can be an alternative to treating adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) concerns. This SLR aims to identify eHealth intervention programs that are effective in preventing adolescent pregnancy This study used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta Analysis (PRISMA). Databases were sourced from Embase, ProQuest, Scopus, and PubMed from 2018-2023. Articles were search by keywords and extracted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. This SLR generated 11 articles. The intervention programs in this study were divided into four parts. The intervention used website (web-based education)., mobile health (mHealth), social media, and text message services. Although the implementation of these four types of interventions varies, social media, mobile apps, and website-based interventions are engaging because they may be enhanced with extra features that teenagers prefer, like role-playing, movies, quizzes, real-life testimonies, and interactive teaching. Adolescents greatly favor this since it can expand knowledge in various ways, unlike programs limited to text messaging. The findings are also reasonably varied; the four categories of digital-based interventions (eHealth) only demonstrate noteworthy short-term changes in knowledge and attitudes; they have no discernible long-term effects on behavior modification or adolescent pregnancies rates. So routine program interventions are needed with more frequency in preventing adolescent pregnancy.