TY - JOUR
T1 - DIFLUNISAL TRANSETHOSOMES FOR TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY
T2 - FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION
AU - Aprianti, Indah
AU - Iskandarsyah, null
AU - Setiawan, Heri
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors sincerely acknowledge the PUTI research grant 2022 support from the Directorate of Research and Development, University of Indonesia, under contract number NKB-072/UN2. RST/HKP.05.00/2022.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Published by Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd.
PY - 2023/5/1
Y1 - 2023/5/1
N2 - Objective: The work aimed to obtain an optimum formula of diflunisal transethosome by varying the types and concentrations of edge activators and optimizing the method of preparations. Methods: Sonication amplitude and sonication time were optimized based on vesicle size and polydispersity index (PDI). Transethosome formulation using different types and concentrations of edge activators would be characterized, including vesicle size, PDI, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, and deformability index, which were carried out using the optimum sonication method to formulate the optimum formula. Results: The result indicates that 30% sonication amplitude for 5 min resulted in the smallest vesicle size with the lowest PDI. Also, F4 containing span 80 as edge activators at a concentration of 0.75% achieved the most favorable outcome, with a spherical shape, vesicle size of 75.32 nm, a PDI of 0.247, a zeta potential of-32.93mV, entrapment efficiency of 75.66% and deformability index of 40.45. Conclusion: Sonication time of 5 min with an amplitude of 30% is proven to produce optimum diflunisal transethosome, and in comparison to other vesicles, diflunisal transethosome using span 80 was able to have excellent vesicle characteristics, making it extremely promising to be developed as a transdermal delivery system.
AB - Objective: The work aimed to obtain an optimum formula of diflunisal transethosome by varying the types and concentrations of edge activators and optimizing the method of preparations. Methods: Sonication amplitude and sonication time were optimized based on vesicle size and polydispersity index (PDI). Transethosome formulation using different types and concentrations of edge activators would be characterized, including vesicle size, PDI, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, and deformability index, which were carried out using the optimum sonication method to formulate the optimum formula. Results: The result indicates that 30% sonication amplitude for 5 min resulted in the smallest vesicle size with the lowest PDI. Also, F4 containing span 80 as edge activators at a concentration of 0.75% achieved the most favorable outcome, with a spherical shape, vesicle size of 75.32 nm, a PDI of 0.247, a zeta potential of-32.93mV, entrapment efficiency of 75.66% and deformability index of 40.45. Conclusion: Sonication time of 5 min with an amplitude of 30% is proven to produce optimum diflunisal transethosome, and in comparison to other vesicles, diflunisal transethosome using span 80 was able to have excellent vesicle characteristics, making it extremely promising to be developed as a transdermal delivery system.
KW - Diflunisal
KW - Transdermal
KW - Transethosome
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85159879024&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.22159/ijap.2023v15i3.47691
DO - 10.22159/ijap.2023v15i3.47691
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85159879024
SN - 0975-7058
VL - 15
SP - 61
EP - 66
JO - International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics
JF - International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics
IS - 3
ER -