Development of the Indonesian version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetic Questionnaire (PIDAQ) in prosthodontics

The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetic Questionnaire (PIDAQ) is an instrument that measures several aspects of oral health-related quality of life, as it relates to patients with dental aesthetic impairments. However, the PIDAQ was developed for orthodontic patients, who typically have aesthetic concerns that differ from those of prosthodontic patients. The aim of this study was to develop an Indonesian version of the PIDAQ, focused on prosthodontic patients. The questionnaire was translated into Indonesian, back-translated, pretested, and cross-culturally adapted. We carried out qualitative interviews of 20 subjects, age 24-72 years and with equal proportion of gender. All patients were undergoing aesthetic prosthodontic treatments, and the questions focused on the perceived psychosocial impact of treatment. Following reconciliation by an expert committee, on the basis of the original version, the questionnaire was translated, back-translated, and the outcomes of the qualitative interviews were used to finalize the revised instrument. A modification of three additional items and adjustment of responses was made to accommodate the appropriate within target settings. After the pretesting, the adapted Indonesian PIDAQ emerged as an instrument that was easy to use with adult and elderly patients undergoing prosthodontic treatments. However, further analyses of the questionnaire's psychometric properties are needed to confirm its validity and reliability in target settings.