Developing Conceptual Model for Estimating Waste Volume of Retired Electric Vehicle Battery

With the rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) in Indonesia, managing these vehicles' end-of-life (EOL) phase has become a critical concern. Estimating the waste streams and flows of this REVB is an essential step in designing an effective and efficient waste management system. This study proposes a conceptual model for REVB waste flow to quantify the REVB waste volume using the population balance model. The methodology involves reviewing previous studies to understand the flow in waste management systems before quantification. Key findings include the identification of the stages of EV battery life application and the identification of critical variables affecting waste volume input and output, such as EV sales, battery lifetime (first application and second application), EV Stock, and battery capacity. The scope of the recycling systems proposed in the model will involve a collection & testing center, remanufacturing center, and recycling center with EV battery, which will have its first life application and second life application before entering the recycling center.