Decreased glycodelin A expression in rat endometrium after stimulation with recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH) recombination affects the number of live births

Glycodelin A (GdA) has been postulated as a marker of endometrial receptivity. However, its expression pattern following ovarian stimulation is conflicting, and its link with implantation and pregnancy is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH) on glycodelin expression levels in the endometrium during the secretory phase and how it interacts with live birth. In the amount of 27 female Wistar rats with regular estrus cycles were separated into normal cycle and two stimulated cycle groups of SC1 & SC2 by injecting rFSH doses of 12 IU and 25 IU, respectively, using intraperitoneally (ip) followed by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection with a dose of 10 IU 48 h later. First, second, and third days after hCG injection, blood and uterine were obtained. GdA expression was examined by immunohistochemistry, while ELISA measured estrogen and progesterone levels. Male rats were mated with female rats from both groups of normal cycle and stimulated cycle. GdA expression in the glandular epithelium significantly decreased (p < 0.05) between control and dose 2, and between doses 1 and 2. Estrogen and progesterone levels did not differ between normal and stimulated cycles (p > 0.05). Furthermore, there was a significant relationship (p < 0.05) between decreased GdA expression in the glands of the SC1 and SC2 groups and the number of live births (r = 0.68). In conclusion, a significant decrease in GdA expression of 25 IU rFSH group reduced live births from 10 to 4 individuals.