Corrosion Resistance of Stainless-Steel Temporary Anchorage Device (TAD) Immersed in Fluoride, Povidone Iodine, and Chitosan Mouthwashes: in Vitro Study

This study aims to evaluate the corrosion resistance of stainless-steel (SS) TAD after immersion in three mouthwash solutions marked by topography surface and atomic composition. Twenty-eight-unit stainless steel TADs were divided into 4 group of mouthwashes (0,2% sodium fluoride, 1% povidone iodine, 1,5% chitosan, and distilled water as control group) each consisting of 7 TADs. After 3 months of immersion, the corrosion resistance of SS TAD will be evaluated using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to analyse the surface topography and Energy-Dispersive xray Spectroscopy (EDS) to investigate the atomic composition. SEM images showed no significant difference between the surface topography of SS TAD after immersion in sodium fluoride, povidone iodine, and distilled water as they exhibit surface roughness and the presence of pitting/intergranular corrosion. However, SS TAD immersed in chitosan solution only displayed surface roughness without any sign of pitting/intergranular corrosion. EDS examination showed no significant difference between the atomic composition of SS TAD immersed in all mouthwash solutions. Immersion of SS TAD 316L in three different mouthwashes induced corrosion process which is shown by the surface roughness after 3 months of immersion. Sodium fluoride and povidone iodine mouthwash have shown to be more corrosive, while chitosan mouthwash was the least corrosive. SS TAD 316L displayed good biocompatibility which is shown by minimal release of nickel and chromium ions on all TAD samples after immersion.