Correlation between Periodontal Diseases and COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: To finding the correlation of COVID-19 with periodontal status. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis were aimed to overview studies of the relationship between periodontal disease and the severity of COVID-19 (hospitalization). There were nine studies, analyzed in this systematic review (nine reviews and three meta-analyses). The quality assessment of studies was using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the pooling effect of meta-analysis were using random-effects model. Results: The NOS scores were Satisfied (5-6 stars) for seven studies, meanwhile good (7 stars) for two studies. The estimated OR was 2.68 (P= 0.006). The heterogeneity (I² ) was 61%, showed moderate (P=0.006). The heterogeneity (I² ) was 61%, showed moderate het-erogeneity. COVID-19 and severity depended on the host and viral factors that influence the immune response. The surge of cytokines (especially IL-6) was found as an imperative role in the COVID-19 and periodontal diseases. Finally, periodontal diseases were found positively contributed to the severity of COVID-19. Conclusion: Periodontal diseases were found associated with the severity and mortality of COVID-19. However, further studies are a necessity to generalize in other populations of COVID-19 patients.