Conservative surgical staging as a means to preserve fertility in patients with dysgerminoma: a case report

Introduction and importance: Ovarian tumor is a rare condition in pediatrics. Due to the improvement in surgical techniques and chemotherapy in recent years, it is currently possible to preserve fertility in selected cases of patients who desire motherhood. Case presentation: We present a case of pregnancy following conservative surgery and complete chemotherapy for ovarian dysgerminoma stage IIA. A 16-year-old female presented with complaints of abdominal mass and discomfort. Histopathological examination displayed dysgerminoma arising from the right ovary. Conservative treatment with right salpingo-oophorectomy and six cycles of chemotherapy was performed. Within 2 years following the surgery, the patient conceived and did not indicate tumor recurrence. Clinical discussion: Dysgerminoma is the most common ovarian malignant germ cell tumor and usually affects women at a young age. Conservative surgery followed by chemotherapy is the treatment of choice, particularly in young patients with a strong desire to have a family. Conservative fertility-sparing surgery does not have inferior outcomes in terms of survival or recurrence. It is possible that in certain cases, patients previously treated for ovarian cancer may retain their fertility, thereby improving their quality of life. Conclusion: Most patients with dysgerminoma can be treated with the maintenance of normal reproductive function. Reassurance regarding the high probability of conceiving and having normal children after conservative surgery and chemotherapy should be informed to the patient and family.