Collaborative Governance in Fulfilling Right of Basic Education of Indonesian Migrant Workers' Children in East Malaysia

Based on the data obtained from Bank Indonesia, the number of remittance earned by Indonesia from Indonesian Migrant Workers (TKI) in 2016 reached 8,673 million USD. This fact makes migrant workers as one of the highest foreign exchange contributors for Indonesian government. Remittance of TKIs in Malaysia is the second highest of Indonesia’s foreign exchange next to the one of TKIs in Saudi Arabia. Haryati (2009: 388) stated that there are many things about TKI that still need to be solved. Numerous Indonesian workers in Malaysia get married and have children whose educational responsibilities are on the side of Indonesian government (the 1945 Constitution Article 31 paragraphs 1 and 2) due to their Indonesian citizenship, but the provision of educational services cannot be directly provided because of Malaysia’s authorities. This research aims to analyze the education of TKI’s children in Malaysia based on the model of collaborative governance (Ansell & Gash, 2007). The Governments of Indonesia and Malaysia have different authorities and responsibilities related to how to fulfil the education right for TKI’s children in Malaysia. Gunton & Day, and Imperial (in Ansell & Gash, 2007: 552) stated that the imbalanced authorities and responsibilities will keep the actors moving together in collaborative governance. Community Learning Center (CLC) finally becomes a collaborative area for both governments along with other non-governmental actors in fulfilling the basic education right for TKI's children in Malaysia.