Clinicopathology profile and bone involvement of Multiple Myeloma patients in Dharmais National Cancer Hospital, Indonesia

Background: Even though rarely found in Indonesia, the incidence of multiple myeloma (MM) is increasing every year. Bone involvement of MM is the most often a clinical disorder which leads to worsening clinical conditions and low quality of life of patients. Purpose: To determine the clinicopathology profile of bone involvement of MM patients in Indonesia. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study of MM conducted at Dharmais National Cancer Hospital (DNCH) by collecting data from medical records of MM patients who came to DNCH in period 2008-2012. Results: There were 39 MM patients all with age above 60 years. There were 56.4% male and 43.6% female patients. Most were diagnosed at stage III (32.4%), and 41% had obesity. The comorbid conditions were anemia (82.9%), hypoalbuminemia (60%), increased creatinine level (38.5%), increased β2 microglobulin level (94.1%), increased LDH level (23.1%) and plasmocytes above 30% (65%), but only 4.2% patients presented with hypercalcemia. Meanwhile, bone involvement occurred in 76.9% of MM patients with 4 lesions on average and a maximum of 16 lesions. The locations of bone lesions were spine (70%), skull (70%), pelvis (33.3%), humerus (30%), and femur (30%). Conclusions: The incidence of MM in Indonesia is increasing annually with bone involvement in more than three-fourths, but interestingly without hypercalcemia.