Climatic Factors Affecting the Incidence Rate of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever(DHF) in West Jakarta during 2015-2019

Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a serious public health issue in various countries in Southeast Asia. Dengue virus is transmitted by mosquitoes as vectors to humans as hosts. Climate factors (temperature, humidity, and rainfall) affect the life cycle of mosquitoes, virus replication, and host-vector interaction. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between climate factors and the incidence rate of DHF in West Jakarta. This research was a quantitative study with an ecological study design. Climate data were collected from Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG), and several DHF cases were collected from DKI Jakarta Health Office Epidemiology Survey. Correlation tests were performed by using Spearman. The result showed that West Jakarta had a fluctuating incidence rate of DHF from the period 2015-2019 and the incidence rate of DHF was high in the first half of the year (January-June). Temperature had a weak negative correlation (r = -0.023, p = 0.864).There were significant correlations between humidity and rainfall with the incidence rate of DHF in West Jakarta, where humidity had a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.471, p = 0.000) and rainfall had a weak positive correlation (r = 0.288, p = 0.026). Climatic conditions affected the incidence of DHF as they increased the amount of mosquito breeding sites. These findings support the rationale for application of environmental management to minimize vector spread and reduce host-vector contact.