Characterization of Microencapsulation Human Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hAT-MSCs) and Nanoparticle of Conditioned Medium of AT-MSCs

This study aims to characterize the microencapsulated type of human Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hAT-MSCs) and nanoparticles containing a conditioned medium of hAT-MSCs (CM-hATMSCs). The hAT-MSCs microencapsulation was measured the cells viability on 1^st, 7^th, and 14^th days, by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethylphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay, stability test was performed using magnetic stirrer at a speed of 300, 700, 1100, and 1200 rpm (revolutions per minutes) and applied on hAT-MSCs microencapsulation. The particle size of CM-hATMSCs nanoparticles were measured by particle size analyzer (PSA) and the growth factor levels namely Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) were investigated using ELISA method. In the 14^th day showed decreasing of cell viability percentage from 90-100% to 50% in both of 1.5×10⁵ and 3×10⁵ cells hAT-MSCs microencapsulation. CM-hATMSCs microencapsulation are quite stable and has a fairly good mechanical resistance when tested for stability using rotation at a speed of 1,200 rpm only damages 10 % of it. The CM-hATMSCs nanoparticles collected from hAT-MSCs growth medium in PSA test have an average particle size of 141 nm. Based on measurement of growth factor level, hAT-MSCs microencapsulation (3×10⁵ cells) and CM-hATMSCs nanoparticles showed secretion of growth factors of EGF, IL-6, VEGF, and IGF-1 compared to positive controls. In summary, hAT-MSCs microencapsulation formulation using alginate showed good product based on the viability, stability, structure, and growth factor secretion ability. The characterization results showed that microencapsulated hAT-MSCs and CM-hATMSCs nanoparticles were successfully synthesized with the appropriate criteria.