Cardiovascular diseaseriskin HIV-Positive Populations in Indonesia: A Literature Review

HIV is a significant health problem in the world. HIV infection has the effect of reducing immunity status and increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Antiretroviral (ART) use as a therapy for HIV also increases the risk of heart disease. This literature review aims to identify cardiovascular disease risk and factor-related in HIV-positive populations in Indonesia. The literature review of articles published January 2009 to September 2018 using search keywords namely 'Anti-retroviral therapy,' 'Cardiovascular disease,' 'Coronary artery disease,' and 'HIV' in databases namely Pubmed, Cochrane Library, EbscoHost, and Google Scholar. Five relevant articles were extracted in this study to gather information related to cardiovascular disease risk and factor-related in HIV-positive populations in Indonesia. The results showed that HIV-positive people in Indonesia have the chance for structural heart damaged, abnormal heart functions, inflammatory heart response, and coronary artery damage. Factor-Related cardiovascular disease risk in HIV-positive populations in Indonesia was the use of ART and smoking behavior. HIV patients have a high risk of developing cardiovascular disorders. This is a challenge for health workers, the government and researchers, to develop appropriate strategies and methods in reducing the risk of cardiovascular complications especially in Indonesia.