Cardiometabolic Risk Among Internal Medicine Specialists in Indonesia (CARMEINA)

Eka Ginanjar; Simon Salim; Sally Aman Nasution; Lugyanti Sukrisman; Evy Yunihastuti; Andhika Rachman; Ceva Wicaksono Pitoyo; Hayatun Nufus; Muhadi Muhadi; Hermawan Susanto; Siprianus Ugroseno Yudho Bintoro; Darmadi Darmadi; Asri Ludin Tambunan; Hery Djagat Purnomo; Andi Makbul Aman; Anggoro Budi Hartopo; Mohammad Robikhul Ikhsan; Selfie Selfie; Ahmad Mekah; Ervita Ritonga; Indra Wijaya; Gede Wira Mahadita; Wira Gotera; Radiyati Umi Partan; Zen Ahmad; Azzaki Abubakar; Muhammad Diah; Nur Samsu; Wachid Putranto; Tatar Sumandjar; Reinaldo Alexander; Johana Prihatini; Dani Rosdiana; Juwanto Wakimin; Cecilia Hendratta; Linda Wilhelma Ancella Rotty; Akmal Mufriady Hanif; Harnavi Harun; Astried Indrasari; Kuntjoro Yakti; Erwanto Budi Winulyo; Erwin Erwin; Lukman Pura; Djallalluddin Djallalluddin; Abimanyu Abimanyu; Giri Satriya; Sutiadi Kusuma; Andi M.H. Panjaitan; Suharno Hakim; Elfiani Elfiani; Budiman Gunawan; Annisa Puspitasari Nachrowi; Kongko H. Nursetiyanto; Kurniakin W.S. Girsang; Arif Koswandi; Erwin A. Pangkahila; Andreas N.F. Lewai; Joko Anggoro; Dayang Nurbayati; Fahmi R. Darkuthni; Arfan Sanusi; Petrus Irianto; Komariatun Komariatun; Annelin Kurniati; Haeril Aswar; Nelyan H. Mokoginta; Leily D. Pawa; Edwin Ambar; Riswan Riswan; Feliks Duwit

doi:10.1016/j.jacasi.2025.09.024

Cardiometabolic Risk Among Internal Medicine Specialists in Indonesia (CARMEINA)

Eka Ginanjar
, Simon Salim
, Sally Aman Nasution
, Lugyanti Sukrisman
, Evy Yunihastuti
, Andhika Rachman
, Ceva Wicaksono Pitoyo
, Hayatun Nufus
, Muhadi Muhadi
, Hermawan Susanto
, Siprianus Ugroseno Yudho Bintoro
, Darmadi Darmadi
, Asri Ludin Tambunan
, Hery Djagat Purnomo
, Andi Makbul Aman
, Anggoro Budi Hartopo
, Mohammad Robikhul Ikhsan
, Selfie Selfie
, Ahmad Mekah
, Ervita Ritonga

Indra Wijaya, Gede Wira Mahadita, Wira Gotera, Radiyati Umi Partan, Zen Ahmad, Azzaki Abubakar, Muhammad Diah, Nur Samsu, Wachid Putranto, Tatar Sumandjar, Reinaldo Alexander, Johana Prihatini, Dani Rosdiana, Juwanto Wakimin, Cecilia Hendratta, Linda Wilhelma Ancella Rotty, Akmal Mufriady Hanif, Harnavi Harun, Astried Indrasari, Kuntjoro Yakti, Erwanto Budi Winulyo, Erwin Erwin, Lukman Pura, Djallalluddin Djallalluddin, Abimanyu Abimanyu, Giri Satriya, Sutiadi Kusuma, Andi M.H. Panjaitan, Suharno Hakim, Elfiani Elfiani, Budiman Gunawan, Annisa Puspitasari Nachrowi, Kongko H. Nursetiyanto, Kurniakin W.S. Girsang, Arif Koswandi, Erwin A. Pangkahila, Andreas N.F. Lewai, Joko Anggoro, Dayang Nurbayati, Fahmi R. Darkuthni, Arfan Sanusi, Petrus Irianto, Komariatun Komariatun, Annelin Kurniati, Haeril Aswar, Nelyan H. Mokoginta, Leily D. Pawa, Edwin Ambar, Riswan Riswan, Feliks Duwit

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the top global causes of mortality. Internal medicine professionals are vital in educating the public on prevention, yet they themselves may experience the very risk factors they warn against. Objectives This study aimed to assess cardiometabolic risk factors among Indonesian internal medicine specialists to raise awareness among health care workers. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted by the Indonesian Society of Internal Medicine (INASIM). Our study recruited 1,568 internal medicine specialists from 39 INASIM branches in Indonesia using clustered random sampling (December 2023-March 2024). Cardiometabolic risk was calculated using atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk scores and SCORE-2 (Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation-2) Asia Pacific. Results The mean age of 1,064 participants who completed the study was 45 ± 10.4 years. The prevalences of dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus were 84.6% (95% CI: 82.4%-86.9%), 61.4% (95% CI: 58.5%-64.3%), 20.3% (95% CI: 17.9%-22.7%), and 10.2% (95% CI: 8.4%-12.1%), respectively. Participants’ 10-year ASCVD risk scores were 6.0% (95% CI: 4.4%-8.1%) high, 18.5% (95% CI: 15.7%-21.7%) intermediate, 9.6% (95% CI: 7.5%-12.1%) borderline, and 66.0% (95% CI: 62.2%-69.6%) low. Their SCORE-2 Asia Pacific risk scores were 1.2% (95% CI: 0.5%-2.5%) very very high, 10.7% (95% CI: 8.3%-13.7%) very high, 46.5% (95% CI: 42.1%-50.9%) high, and 41.6% (95% CI: 37.3%-46.1%) moderate. Conclusions The prevalences of dyslipidemia and obesity were high among internal medicine specialists in Indonesia. The prevalences of highest risk category profile were 6.0% (ASCVD) and 1.2% (SCORE-2).

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	510-520
Number of pages	11
Journal	JACC: Asia
Volume	6
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacasi.2025.09.024
Publication status	Published - Apr 2026

Keywords

ASCVD
cardiometabolic syndrome risk
internal medicine specialist SCORE-2 Asia Pacific

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10.1016/j.jacasi.2025.09.024

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Ginanjar, E., Salim, S., Nasution, S. A., Sukrisman, L., Yunihastuti, E., Rachman, A., Pitoyo, C. W., Nufus, H., Muhadi, M., Susanto, H., Bintoro, S. U. Y., Darmadi, D., Tambunan, A. L., Purnomo, H. D., Aman, A. M., Hartopo, A. B., Ikhsan, M. R., Selfie, S., Mekah, A., ... Duwit, F. (2026). Cardiometabolic Risk Among Internal Medicine Specialists in Indonesia (CARMEINA). JACC: Asia, 6(4), 510-520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacasi.2025.09.024

@article{73e25eea80d74acf865585e51934edc6,

title = "Cardiometabolic Risk Among Internal Medicine Specialists in Indonesia (CARMEINA)",

abstract = "Background Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the top global causes of mortality. Internal medicine professionals are vital in educating the public on prevention, yet they themselves may experience the very risk factors they warn against. Objectives This study aimed to assess cardiometabolic risk factors among Indonesian internal medicine specialists to raise awareness among health care workers. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted by the Indonesian Society of Internal Medicine (INASIM). Our study recruited 1,568 internal medicine specialists from 39 INASIM branches in Indonesia using clustered random sampling (December 2023-March 2024). Cardiometabolic risk was calculated using atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk scores and SCORE-2 (Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation-2) Asia Pacific. Results The mean age of 1,064 participants who completed the study was 45 ± 10.4 years. The prevalences of dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus were 84.6\% (95\% CI: 82.4\%-86.9\%), 61.4\% (95\% CI: 58.5\%-64.3\%), 20.3\% (95\% CI: 17.9\%-22.7\%), and 10.2\% (95\% CI: 8.4\%-12.1\%), respectively. Participants{\textquoteright} 10-year ASCVD risk scores were 6.0\% (95\% CI: 4.4\%-8.1\%) high, 18.5\% (95\% CI: 15.7\%-21.7\%) intermediate, 9.6\% (95\% CI: 7.5\%-12.1\%) borderline, and 66.0\% (95\% CI: 62.2\%-69.6\%) low. Their SCORE-2 Asia Pacific risk scores were 1.2\% (95\% CI: 0.5\%-2.5\%) very very high, 10.7\% (95\% CI: 8.3\%-13.7\%) very high, 46.5\% (95\% CI: 42.1\%-50.9\%) high, and 41.6\% (95\% CI: 37.3\%-46.1\%) moderate. Conclusions The prevalences of dyslipidemia and obesity were high among internal medicine specialists in Indonesia. The prevalences of highest risk category profile were 6.0\% (ASCVD) and 1.2\% (SCORE-2).",

keywords = "ASCVD, cardiometabolic syndrome risk, internal medicine specialist SCORE-2 Asia Pacific",

author = "Eka Ginanjar and Simon Salim and Nasution, \{Sally Aman\} and Lugyanti Sukrisman and Evy Yunihastuti and Andhika Rachman and Pitoyo, \{Ceva Wicaksono\} and Hayatun Nufus and Muhadi Muhadi and Hermawan Susanto and Bintoro, \{Siprianus Ugroseno Yudho\} and Darmadi Darmadi and Tambunan, \{Asri Ludin\} and Purnomo, \{Hery Djagat\} and Aman, \{Andi Makbul\} and Hartopo, \{Anggoro Budi\} and Ikhsan, \{Mohammad Robikhul\} and Selfie Selfie and Ahmad Mekah and Ervita Ritonga and Indra Wijaya and Mahadita, \{Gede Wira\} and Wira Gotera and Partan, \{Radiyati Umi\} and Zen Ahmad and Azzaki Abubakar and Muhammad Diah and Nur Samsu and Wachid Putranto and Tatar Sumandjar and Reinaldo Alexander and Johana Prihatini and Dani Rosdiana and Juwanto Wakimin and Cecilia Hendratta and Rotty, \{Linda Wilhelma Ancella\} and Hanif, \{Akmal Mufriady\} and Harnavi Harun and Astried Indrasari and Kuntjoro Yakti and Winulyo, \{Erwanto Budi\} and Erwin Erwin and Lukman Pura and Djallalluddin Djallalluddin and Abimanyu Abimanyu and Giri Satriya and Sutiadi Kusuma and Panjaitan, \{Andi M.H.\} and Suharno Hakim and Elfiani Elfiani and Budiman Gunawan and Nachrowi, \{Annisa Puspitasari\} and Nursetiyanto, \{Kongko H.\} and Girsang, \{Kurniakin W.S.\} and Arif Koswandi and Pangkahila, \{Erwin A.\} and Lewai, \{Andreas N.F.\} and Joko Anggoro and Dayang Nurbayati and Darkuthni, \{Fahmi R.\} and Arfan Sanusi and Petrus Irianto and Komariatun Komariatun and Annelin Kurniati and Haeril Aswar and Mokoginta, \{Nelyan H.\} and Pawa, \{Leily D.\} and Edwin Ambar and Riswan Riswan and Feliks Duwit",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2026 The Authors.",

year = "2026",

month = apr,

doi = "10.1016/j.jacasi.2025.09.024",

language = "English",

volume = "6",

pages = "510--520",

journal = "JACC: Asia",

issn = "2772-3747",

publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",

number = "4",

}

Ginanjar, E, Salim, S, Nasution, SA , Sukrisman, L , Yunihastuti, E , Rachman, A , Pitoyo, CW, Nufus, H, Muhadi, M, Susanto, H, Bintoro, SUY, Darmadi, D, Tambunan, AL, Purnomo, HD, Aman, AM, Hartopo, AB, Ikhsan, MR, Selfie, S, Mekah, A, Ritonga, E, Wijaya, I, Mahadita, GW, Gotera, W, Partan, RU, Ahmad, Z, Abubakar, A, Diah, M, Samsu, N, Putranto, W, Sumandjar, T, Alexander, R, Prihatini, J, Rosdiana, D, Wakimin, J, Hendratta, C, Rotty, LWA, Hanif, AM, Harun, H, Indrasari, A, Yakti, K, Winulyo, EB, Erwin, E, Pura, L, Djallalluddin, D, Abimanyu, A, Satriya, G, Kusuma, S, Panjaitan, AMH, Hakim, S, Elfiani, E, Gunawan, B, Nachrowi, AP, Nursetiyanto, KH, Girsang, KWS, Koswandi, A, Pangkahila, EA, Lewai, ANF, Anggoro, J, Nurbayati, D, Darkuthni, FR, Sanusi, A, Irianto, P, Komariatun, K, Kurniati, A, Aswar, H, Mokoginta, NH, Pawa, LD, Ambar, E, Riswan, R & Duwit, F 2026, 'Cardiometabolic Risk Among Internal Medicine Specialists in Indonesia (CARMEINA)', JACC: Asia, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 510-520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacasi.2025.09.024

TY - JOUR

T1 - Cardiometabolic Risk Among Internal Medicine Specialists in Indonesia (CARMEINA)

AU - Ginanjar, Eka

AU - Salim, Simon

AU - Nasution, Sally Aman

AU - Sukrisman, Lugyanti

AU - Yunihastuti, Evy

AU - Rachman, Andhika

AU - Pitoyo, Ceva Wicaksono

AU - Nufus, Hayatun

AU - Muhadi, Muhadi

AU - Susanto, Hermawan

AU - Bintoro, Siprianus Ugroseno Yudho

AU - Darmadi, Darmadi

AU - Tambunan, Asri Ludin

AU - Purnomo, Hery Djagat

AU - Aman, Andi Makbul

AU - Hartopo, Anggoro Budi

AU - Ikhsan, Mohammad Robikhul

AU - Selfie, Selfie

AU - Mekah, Ahmad

AU - Ritonga, Ervita

AU - Wijaya, Indra

AU - Mahadita, Gede Wira

AU - Gotera, Wira

AU - Partan, Radiyati Umi

AU - Ahmad, Zen

AU - Abubakar, Azzaki

AU - Diah, Muhammad

AU - Samsu, Nur

AU - Putranto, Wachid

AU - Sumandjar, Tatar

AU - Alexander, Reinaldo

AU - Prihatini, Johana

AU - Rosdiana, Dani

AU - Wakimin, Juwanto

AU - Hendratta, Cecilia

AU - Rotty, Linda Wilhelma Ancella

AU - Hanif, Akmal Mufriady

AU - Harun, Harnavi

AU - Indrasari, Astried

AU - Yakti, Kuntjoro

AU - Winulyo, Erwanto Budi

AU - Erwin, Erwin

AU - Pura, Lukman

AU - Djallalluddin, Djallalluddin

AU - Abimanyu, Abimanyu

AU - Satriya, Giri

AU - Kusuma, Sutiadi

AU - Panjaitan, Andi M.H.

AU - Hakim, Suharno

AU - Elfiani, Elfiani

AU - Gunawan, Budiman

AU - Nachrowi, Annisa Puspitasari

AU - Nursetiyanto, Kongko H.

AU - Girsang, Kurniakin W.S.

AU - Koswandi, Arif

AU - Pangkahila, Erwin A.

AU - Lewai, Andreas N.F.

AU - Anggoro, Joko

AU - Nurbayati, Dayang

AU - Darkuthni, Fahmi R.

AU - Sanusi, Arfan

AU - Irianto, Petrus

AU - Komariatun, Komariatun

AU - Kurniati, Annelin

AU - Aswar, Haeril

AU - Mokoginta, Nelyan H.

AU - Pawa, Leily D.

AU - Ambar, Edwin

AU - Riswan, Riswan

AU - Duwit, Feliks

PY - 2026/4

Y1 - 2026/4

N2 - Background Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the top global causes of mortality. Internal medicine professionals are vital in educating the public on prevention, yet they themselves may experience the very risk factors they warn against. Objectives This study aimed to assess cardiometabolic risk factors among Indonesian internal medicine specialists to raise awareness among health care workers. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted by the Indonesian Society of Internal Medicine (INASIM). Our study recruited 1,568 internal medicine specialists from 39 INASIM branches in Indonesia using clustered random sampling (December 2023-March 2024). Cardiometabolic risk was calculated using atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk scores and SCORE-2 (Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation-2) Asia Pacific. Results The mean age of 1,064 participants who completed the study was 45 ± 10.4 years. The prevalences of dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus were 84.6% (95% CI: 82.4%-86.9%), 61.4% (95% CI: 58.5%-64.3%), 20.3% (95% CI: 17.9%-22.7%), and 10.2% (95% CI: 8.4%-12.1%), respectively. Participants’ 10-year ASCVD risk scores were 6.0% (95% CI: 4.4%-8.1%) high, 18.5% (95% CI: 15.7%-21.7%) intermediate, 9.6% (95% CI: 7.5%-12.1%) borderline, and 66.0% (95% CI: 62.2%-69.6%) low. Their SCORE-2 Asia Pacific risk scores were 1.2% (95% CI: 0.5%-2.5%) very very high, 10.7% (95% CI: 8.3%-13.7%) very high, 46.5% (95% CI: 42.1%-50.9%) high, and 41.6% (95% CI: 37.3%-46.1%) moderate. Conclusions The prevalences of dyslipidemia and obesity were high among internal medicine specialists in Indonesia. The prevalences of highest risk category profile were 6.0% (ASCVD) and 1.2% (SCORE-2).

AB - Background Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the top global causes of mortality. Internal medicine professionals are vital in educating the public on prevention, yet they themselves may experience the very risk factors they warn against. Objectives This study aimed to assess cardiometabolic risk factors among Indonesian internal medicine specialists to raise awareness among health care workers. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted by the Indonesian Society of Internal Medicine (INASIM). Our study recruited 1,568 internal medicine specialists from 39 INASIM branches in Indonesia using clustered random sampling (December 2023-March 2024). Cardiometabolic risk was calculated using atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk scores and SCORE-2 (Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation-2) Asia Pacific. Results The mean age of 1,064 participants who completed the study was 45 ± 10.4 years. The prevalences of dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus were 84.6% (95% CI: 82.4%-86.9%), 61.4% (95% CI: 58.5%-64.3%), 20.3% (95% CI: 17.9%-22.7%), and 10.2% (95% CI: 8.4%-12.1%), respectively. Participants’ 10-year ASCVD risk scores were 6.0% (95% CI: 4.4%-8.1%) high, 18.5% (95% CI: 15.7%-21.7%) intermediate, 9.6% (95% CI: 7.5%-12.1%) borderline, and 66.0% (95% CI: 62.2%-69.6%) low. Their SCORE-2 Asia Pacific risk scores were 1.2% (95% CI: 0.5%-2.5%) very very high, 10.7% (95% CI: 8.3%-13.7%) very high, 46.5% (95% CI: 42.1%-50.9%) high, and 41.6% (95% CI: 37.3%-46.1%) moderate. Conclusions The prevalences of dyslipidemia and obesity were high among internal medicine specialists in Indonesia. The prevalences of highest risk category profile were 6.0% (ASCVD) and 1.2% (SCORE-2).

KW - ASCVD

KW - cardiometabolic syndrome risk

KW - internal medicine specialist SCORE-2 Asia Pacific

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105033670210

U2 - 10.1016/j.jacasi.2025.09.024

DO - 10.1016/j.jacasi.2025.09.024

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105033670210

SN - 2772-3747

VL - 6

SP - 510

EP - 520

JO - JACC: Asia

JF - JACC: Asia

IS - 4

ER -

Cardiometabolic Risk Among Internal Medicine Specialists in Indonesia (CARMEINA)

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