Butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) extract displayed antidiabetic effect through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, lower hepatic GSK-3β, and pancreatic glycogen on Diabetes Mellitus and dyslipidemia rat

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is hyperglycemic or elevated blood glucose level and deficiency of insulin level. DM treatment using synthetic drugs has several complexities, side effects. Reducing the side effects of synthetic drugs, the utilization of herbal medicines is increasingly in demand. Butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) extract (CTE) has pharmacological activities such as hepatoprotective, diuretic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Objective: This research was conducted to evaluate antidiabetic potent of CTE in DM and dyslipidemia rats model. Methods: LC-MS/MS was used to analyze the CTE compounds. Rats were given high fat diet for 28 days followed by nicotinamide and streptozotocin for inducing DM rats model. DM and dyslipidemia rats model were given CTE at 200, 400, 800 mg/kg of BW, glibenclamide, and simvastatin for 28 days. The glucose and insulin levels on day 28 were measured after treatment of CTE. The CAT, SOD, MDA, IL-18 and protein of pancreas were measured. The glycogen gene expression in pancreas was measured using q-RTPCR method. The GSK-3β expression of liver, IL-6 expression of pancreas were analyzed using IHC method. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and then continued to be analyzed using Tukey's HSD post-hoc test. Results: CTE increased level of pancreatic CAT, SOD and protein, reduced pancreatic MDA, IL-18 levels, glycogen gene expression of pancreas, GSK-3β protein expression of liver, and IL-6 protein expression of pancreas in DM and dyslipidemia rats. CTE improved liver histopathology, reduced serum glucose, and enhanced insulin levels. Conclusion: CTE has the potency for DM treatment, through antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory in DM and dyslipidemia rats.