A Monitored Self-isolation Model for Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients to Prevent the Family-based Transmission

Background: Systematic effort and sustainable systems are highly suggested to avoid new family clusters of COVID-19 in a community. It was challenging that self-isolation should be monitored and evaluated to prevent the transmission. Purpose: This study aimed to develop and evaluate a monitored self-isolation model, named the “Reni-Model,” for asymptomatic COVID-19 patients to prevent family-based transmission. Methods: A mixed-methods approach with an embedded design was employed. The Reni-Model incorporated a moderating factor of patient empowerment through education, participatory discussions, and training. The model was developed through an analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation process. The study population was COVID-19 patients, their family members, healthcare workers, and the community in Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia, in 2022. The respondent characteristics correlated to the self-isolation model's success are gender, education, occupation, and income. Results: Data implied several determinant factors, including patient knowledge, attitudes, actions, perceptions, family support, healthcare worker involvement, and collective behaviour, significantly influencing the success of monitored self-isolation. The Reni-Model demonstrated significant effectiveness in preventing the transmission of COVID-19 within families. Conclusion: This study emphasises the importance of prioritising and taking concrete actions to implement monitored self-isolation, drawing valuable lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic.