TY - JOUR
T1 - A comprehensive study on the influence of single and multiple phytochemicals in facilitating green synthesis of ZrO2 nanoparticles
AU - Febriantini, Dwi
AU - Purnamasari,
AU - Liandi, Agus Rimus
AU - Usman,
AU - Yulizar, Yoki
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2024/9
Y1 - 2024/9
N2 - In this work, we conducted an extensive study of fabrication of ZrO2 NPs mediated by one type and mixture of plant secondary metabolites in three different calcination temperatures to investigate the influence of the type and concentration of phytochemicals in the green synthesis of nanoparticles. Gallic acid, which is a phenolic compound with strong antioxidant activity, enables to stabilize particle surfaces thereby preventing aggregation and agglomeration of particles. GC-MS and LC-HRMS analysis reveal that polar leaf extract as mixture of secondary metabolites contains ten volatile and forty-one polar compounds, respectively. The TGA/DTG experiments demonstrate that the type and concentration of secondary metabolites substantially influence the crystal formation and ultimately impact the size, morphology, surface texture, and acidity of ZrO2 NPs. Well crystalline and homogenous ZrO2 nanospheres were successfully formed by using gallic acid and polar leaf extract as biofuels with crystal size ranging from 6.30–61.92 nm and average particle size ranging from 26–39 nm. The green prepared-ZrO2 NPs possess surface area from 6.37 to 76.02 m²/g, pore volume from 0.049 to 0.392 cm³/g, pore diameter from 4.17 up to 50.75 nm, and acidity from 0.0574 to 2.0966 mmol/g. Apart from that, this research also indicates that applied calcination temperature affects the features of the nanoparticles mentioned above, except for morphology.
AB - In this work, we conducted an extensive study of fabrication of ZrO2 NPs mediated by one type and mixture of plant secondary metabolites in three different calcination temperatures to investigate the influence of the type and concentration of phytochemicals in the green synthesis of nanoparticles. Gallic acid, which is a phenolic compound with strong antioxidant activity, enables to stabilize particle surfaces thereby preventing aggregation and agglomeration of particles. GC-MS and LC-HRMS analysis reveal that polar leaf extract as mixture of secondary metabolites contains ten volatile and forty-one polar compounds, respectively. The TGA/DTG experiments demonstrate that the type and concentration of secondary metabolites substantially influence the crystal formation and ultimately impact the size, morphology, surface texture, and acidity of ZrO2 NPs. Well crystalline and homogenous ZrO2 nanospheres were successfully formed by using gallic acid and polar leaf extract as biofuels with crystal size ranging from 6.30–61.92 nm and average particle size ranging from 26–39 nm. The green prepared-ZrO2 NPs possess surface area from 6.37 to 76.02 m²/g, pore volume from 0.049 to 0.392 cm³/g, pore diameter from 4.17 up to 50.75 nm, and acidity from 0.0574 to 2.0966 mmol/g. Apart from that, this research also indicates that applied calcination temperature affects the features of the nanoparticles mentioned above, except for morphology.
KW - Boehmeria virgata
KW - Gallic acid
KW - Green synthesis
KW - Secondary metabolites
KW - ZrO
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85202511594&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101303
DO - 10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101303
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85202511594
SN - 2352-507X
VL - 39
JO - Nano-Structures and Nano-Objects
JF - Nano-Structures and Nano-Objects
M1 - 101303
ER -