Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is classified as a carcinogenic compound on humans and animals. The
presence of metabolite 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) in the urine is commonly used as biomarker to BaP. We
measured the BaP concentration from schools using sorbent tubes with charcoal filter and analyze it using
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector. To evaluate and measure
the exposure risk of benzo(a)pyrene to primary school children in West Jakarta, Indonesia. We used a crosssectional study design with two different methods of Public Health Assessment, i.e., environmental health
risk assessment and environmental health epidemiology. We used 84 students as our sample, which were
determined using probability proportional to size; and selected using the purposive sampling method. The
risk of carcinogenic exposure of BaP in three study locations was considered under the safety limit (i.e., realtime RQ < 1). The mean BaP concentration was the highest at school number 2 with a value of 0.0092 mg/m3.
The mean 1-OHP concentration extracted from urine samples was also the highest at school number 2 with
the majority being fourth-grade students. The BaP exposure inside the classroom was positively related to
the 1-OHP concentration in the students’ urine (p=0.001).
presence of metabolite 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) in the urine is commonly used as biomarker to BaP. We
measured the BaP concentration from schools using sorbent tubes with charcoal filter and analyze it using
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector. To evaluate and measure
the exposure risk of benzo(a)pyrene to primary school children in West Jakarta, Indonesia. We used a crosssectional study design with two different methods of Public Health Assessment, i.e., environmental health
risk assessment and environmental health epidemiology. We used 84 students as our sample, which were
determined using probability proportional to size; and selected using the purposive sampling method. The
risk of carcinogenic exposure of BaP in three study locations was considered under the safety limit (i.e., realtime RQ < 1). The mean BaP concentration was the highest at school number 2 with a value of 0.0092 mg/m3.
The mean 1-OHP concentration extracted from urine samples was also the highest at school number 2 with
the majority being fourth-grade students. The BaP exposure inside the classroom was positively related to
the 1-OHP concentration in the students’ urine (p=0.001).
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 501 |
| Number of pages | 510 |
| Journal | International Medical Journal |
| Volume | 25 |
| Issue number | 02 |
| Publication status | Published - Feb 2020 |
Keywords
- Benzo(a)pyrene
- 1-hydroxypirene
- primary school students
- Indoor
